In this article, a laminar magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) developing flow of an incompressible electrically conducting fluid subjected to an external magnetic field is considered. The aim of the study is to propose a correlation for computing the development length of the laminar MHD developing flow in a pipe. A numerical approach is considered to solve the problem. In the first step, the numerical...

It is frequently recommended that commercial laying pullets are reared on step-down lighting regimens, rather than on constant short photoperiods, to help achieve BW targets during rear and optimal performance in lay. To evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy, Shaver White pullets were maintained on 8-h day lengths or given a step-down lighting regimen from 23 to 8 h over periods of betwee...

Long summer days unequivocally stimulate, and short winter days inhibit reproduction in Siberian hamsters. By contrast, intermediate-duration day lengths (12.5-14 h long) either accelerate reproductive development or initiate regression of the reproductive apparatus. Which of these outcomes transpires depends on an animal's photoperiodic history, suggesting that hamsters must encode a represent...

Plant performance is significantly influenced by prevailing light and temperature conditions during plant growth and development. For plants exposed to natural fluctuations in abiotic environmental conditions it is however laborious and cumbersome to experimentally assign any contribution of individual environmental factors to plant responses. This study aimed at analyzing the interplay between...

We review patterns of plant species richness with respect to variables related to resource availability and variables that have direct physiological impact on plant growth or resource availability. This review suggests that there are a variety of patterns of species richness along environmental gradients reported in the literature. However, part of this diversity may be explained by the differe...

At northern latitudes, the most robust cue for assessing the onset of winter is the shortening of day lengths. Many species use day length as a cue to increase their cold tolerance and/or enter into diapause, but little is known about changes in gene expression that occur under different day lengths. We investigate the gene expression changes associated with differences in light/dark cycles in ...